The Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR), which introduces the Digital Product Passport (DPP), specifies that the data carrier linking to the DPP may comply with ISO/IEC 15459:2015.
By using structured ISO/IEC 15459 identifiers (e.g., GTIN) in the AIDC technology domain with the web-enabled innovation of ISO/IEC FDIS 18975, one AIDC carrier on each physical product can support business-to-business (B2B), business-to-government (B2G) and business-to-consumer (B2C) requirements at an international level.
For more information please check the GS1 in Europe white paper available here: https://gs1.eu/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/GS1-Standards-Enabling-DPP-V2.2-April-2025.pdf
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